How to make a drainage of a summer cottage with your own hands, and whether it is needed at all? This issue today torments many suburban developers who begin to plan the construction process.
The need for a drainage system
Drainage arrangement in a summer cottage
It is no secret that groundwater, as well as atmospheric precipitation that penetrates into the soil, negatively affect the foundation of the object under construction, reducing its quality and service life. Although the latest technologies and new materials guarantee one hundred percent protection, it still remains that the water will reach the surface of the foundation in a few years and will do its job.
So that this does not happen, and the drainage system is created. True, it should be noted that there are two of its options: drainage and rain sewage. Drainage removes groundwater, and a storm – atmospheric precipitation. Although part of the atmospheric precipitation and meltwater are diverted precisely with drainage sewage. That is, she takes on most of the functions.
How to make a drainage device in a summer cottage
Drainage of the site – as professionals do
Where does the process itself begin? From the selection of materials. To do this, you will need various materials:
Drainage plastic perforated pipes;
geotextiles;
crushed stone and sand;
several viewing wells;
Collective well.
So, we begin to figure out how to make drainage in the country with our own hands correctly. First of all, a scheme is created. Experts recommend several options, but there are two that are most often used. This is the “Christmas tree” scheme, when the main straight circuit is drawn from the house to the prefabricated well, branches stretch from all sides.
The second scheme is the “circular circuit”, when one fixed circuit is carried out throughout the site, from which a branch is made towards the prefabricated well. Sometimes, if necessary, you can install two contours at once, which will more effectively remove water.
The only condition that must be strictly executed is the slope of the drainage sewage. It usually is 5-10 cm per meter of the length of the pipeline. So all pipes, regardless of a branch or contour, should be with a slope towards the septic tank.
The next stage is earthwork. They can be large or not very. It all depends on the level at which groundwater is located. After all, drainage is laid below the level of groundwater, which it should be removed. Therefore, if the volume is large, then you can use the services of an excavator, especially the drainage is laid as the first stage of construction. That is, nothing has yet been erected on the site, so any equipment can work without problems, since there is a lot of place for maneuver.
But you still have to set the angle of inclination on your own using shovels. For this, the bottom of the trenches is compacted and poured with sand at an angle. The slope is usually checked by the level or hydraulic level. Then geotextiles are laid in the trench so that its edges could be covered with overlap pipes. Geotextiles are laid out, now a small layer of crushed stone measuring 10-15 cm is falling asleep into it. Everything is ready to start the installation of pipes.
Installation of a drainage pipeline
Please note that drainage pipes do not have a certain size of the length, that is, they go on sale in bays. This is a very convenient option, because there are no frequent joints. Today you can buy ready -made pipes wrapped in geotextiles. Convenient, effective, but they are available with a certain length, which means there is a need to use connecting couplings.
Experts recommend every 40-50 m in straight-line areas and at a distance of 20 m from the withdrawal or tee to install observation decks. They can be made of reinforced concrete rings or of large plastic sewer pipes, for example, 200 mm or more with a diameter.
Now the assembly well is installed. This is the last stage, because the input pipe of the well must be oriented strictly along the line of the drainage route. The collection is usually made of concrete rings. Its depth should be sufficient to accommodate a large volume of water, which will be excreted outside the site. The well is sealed, treated with waterproofing mixtures and covered with soil. Everything, on this, the drainage device in the country can be considered complete.